Europe: special & inclusive education
Country-by-country starting points for families. Choose where the child is educated, because terminology, assessment, support and challenge routes differ across Europe.
Education systems remain country-specific and may also vary by region, state, canton or language community. Always check the current authority responsible for the child’s school.
Practical guides to country-specific support
Start with guidance on the actual framework in your child's country. Each article links to its official education sources.
Adapted programmes and individualised procedures
Understand different programme types and school meeting questions.
LatviaIndividual education plans
Plan preparation, responsibilities and review arrangements.
SwedenExtra adaptations and special support
When an action programme applies and how to discuss decisions.
NetherlandsAppropriate education and development plans
Learn about basic versus extra support and individual plans.
IrelandGetting additional school support
Continuum of Support, SET and school conversations.
European country guides
Compare how systems differ
Terminology, assessment, decision-making, support and challenge routes.
AustriaAustria
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
BelgiumBelgium
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
BulgariaBulgaria
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
CroatiaCroatia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
CyprusCyprus
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
Czech RepublicCzech Republic
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
DenmarkDenmark
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
EstoniaEstonia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
FinlandFinland
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
FranceFrance
Detailed starter guides and practical next steps.
GermanyGermany
Detailed starter guides and practical next steps.
GreeceGreece
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
HungaryHungary
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
IcelandIceland
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
IrelandIreland
Detailed starter guides and practical next steps.
ItalyItaly
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
LatviaLatvia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
LithuaniaLithuania
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
LuxembourgLuxembourg
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
MaltaMalta
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
NetherlandsNetherlands
Detailed starter guides and practical next steps.
North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
NorwayNorway
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
PolandPoland
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
PortugalPortugal
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SerbiaSerbia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SlovakiaSlovakia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SloveniaSlovenia
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SpainSpain
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SwedenSweden
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Parent starting points, evidence, school meetings and current official information.
Start locally, then verify officially
Use these pages to organise questions, evidence and next steps. Then confirm the current legal and administrative route with the relevant national or regional education authority.